Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.Ĭ. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License - Share Alike that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.ī. Article applied s the observation method and library research, as well as some personal experience as a trainer in improving the quality of teachers for Mandarin language.Īuthors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:Ī. Such disharmony will certainly affect the competency of the teachers as well as the final outcome for the learning process, at the risk of not being able to accomplish the main objective. Nevertheless, in practice, many schools do not adopt the guidelines that the government has set, resulting in disharmony between the government guidelines and the common practice. In addition, the government has determined the types of basic competencies that must be accomplished in every teaching material given. The Government has set the basic criteria for curriculum and teaching material that must be included in every teaching books. In order to be able to transfer such abilities and knowledge, not only the teachers’ capability is required but also a suitable curriculum is needed to help achiev ing the objective of learning Mandarin language.

The Government has set four types of basic competencies which must be possessed by students in learning Mandarin : the ability to listen, to speak, to read, and to write. The objective of conducting Mandarin language learning process for senior high schools is to produce students who are capable and master such knowledge. Learning material, learning outcomes, teaching language, Mandarin Language, high school Abstract

Permendiknas no 23 tahun 2006